Geographically, a waterfall is a phenomenon in which river water falls vertically from a high altitude when it flows through faults, depressions, etc. For the duration of the river, the waterfall is a temporary feature that will eventually disappear.

It looks like a piece of white cloth hanging from a distance.One of the most common reasons for waterfalls is differences in rock types. Rivers cross many lithofacies boundaries. If a river flows from a hard rock bed to a softer rock bed, the softer rock bed is likely to erode faster, and the slopes where the two rock types meet are steeper. This happens when a river changes direction and exposes a junction between different rocky riverbeds. Waterfalls are some of the most beautiful natural landscapes on earth. The three most famous waterfalls in the world are: Niagara Falls, Victoria Falls and Iguazu Falls.

1. Niagara Falls

Niagara Falls is located on the Niagara River. Gault Island in the river divides the waterfall into two parts. The larger part is the Horseshoe Falls, which is 56 meters high and about 670 meters long. The smaller is the American Falls, which is 58 meters high. 320 meters wide. The formation of Niagara Falls and the Niagara Gorge that it washed out of has special geological conditions, in which the continuous washing of shale by water currents caused the falls to move upstream by an average of 170 cm per year between 1842 and 1905.

2. Victoria Falls

Victoria Falls is located in the middle reaches of the Zambezi River in Africa, where Zambia borders Zimbabwe. The waterfall is more than 1,700 meters wide, and the highest point is 108 meters. Its width and height are twice as large as Niagara Falls. The average annual flow is about 934 cubic meters per second. Before the Zambezi reaches the waterfall, it flows soothingly, and when the waterfall falls, the sound is like thunder. Water from Victoria Falls pours into a gorge that varies in width from 25m to 75m.

3. Iguazu Falls

Iguazu Falls are located on the Iguazu River on the border of Argentina and Brazil. This is a horseshoe-shaped waterfall, 82 meters high and 4 kilometers wide, 4 times the width of Niagara Falls and much wider than Victoria Falls. There are many wooded rock islands on the edge of the cliff, which make the Iguazu River fall into about 275 rapids or waterfalls, ranging in height from 60 to 82 meters.